Rest and Sleep

Pregnant women can continue their normal activities during pregnancy, but excessive and strenuous work should be avoided especially during the first trimester and the last four weeks.

• Sleep and rest for about 10 hours daily (8 hours at night and 2 hours during the day).
• Extra rest is recommended during the last six weeks of pregnancy.
• During the last trimester, lying in lateral position helps prevent supine hypotension.

Exercise

If there are no medical or obstetric complications, pregnant women should perform moderate exercise regularly.

• At least 30 minutes of moderate exercise on most days of the week.
• Specially designed pregnancy yoga can be beneficial.

Avoid Harmful Chemicals and Toxins

• Avoid exposure to pesticides.
• Wash fruits and vegetables in salt water before eating.
• Do not use mosquito coils in closed rooms.
• Use mosquito nets instead.

Bowel Care

Constipation is common during pregnancy.

• Drink plenty of fluids.
• Eat vegetables, fruits and milk products.
• Use stool softeners if necessary.

Bath

Pregnant women should take a bath daily to maintain personal hygiene.

Clothing

• Wear loose and comfortable clothing.
• Avoid high heel shoes.
• Do not use tight or constricting belts.

Oral Health

• Maintain proper dental hygiene.
• Dental treatments such as tooth filling or extraction are safest during the second trimester.

Care of Breasts

A well-fitting bra can help relieve discomfort caused by breast enlargement during late pregnancy.

Coitus

Sex is generally safe during pregnancy. However women with risk of miscarriage or preterm labour should avoid sexual intercourse.

Travelling

• Avoid jerky travel.
• Rail travel is safer than bus travel.
• Air travel is generally safe up to 36 weeks of pregnancy.
• Avoid travel in conditions such as placenta previa, severe anemia or pre-eclampsia.
• Use seat belt below the abdomen on the hip bone.

Smoking, Alcohol & Drugs

Smoking, alcohol and narcotic drugs can cause low birth weight, fetal maldevelopment, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and stillbirth.

Protect Yourself from Infection

• Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
• Especially before cooking and eating.
• Avoid contact with sick people.

Emotional Health

Stress and anxiety during pregnancy should be avoided. Family members should create a supportive and positive environment and prevent domestic violence.

Breastfeeding Preparation

During antenatal visits mothers should be prepared physically and emotionally for breastfeeding. Problems such as cracked or retracted nipples should be treated before delivery.